Introduction: What is Gunlā Festival?
Gunlā is a special month-long festival celebrated by Newar Buddhists in Nepal, particularly in the Kathmandu Valley. It falls during the tenth month of the Nepal Sambat calendar, which usually corresponds to August–September in the Gregorian calendar.
This festival holds deep spiritual significance as it is a time for meditation, almsgiving, music, and pilgrimage. For Newar Buddhists, Gunlā is more than just a tradition — it is a way to reconnect with their faith, honor the teachings of the Buddha, and strengthen ties within the community.
Let’s explore why the Gunlā festival is so important and how it impacts the lives of newari people who observe it.
The Spiritual Importance of Gunlā
Gunlā is inspired by an ancient Buddhist practice called Vassa (बास), or the rainy-season retreat. According to Buddhist tradition, monks and followers would stay in one place during the monsoon to avoid harming crops, insects, and life in the fields while traveling. During this time, they would devote themselves to meditation, study, and teaching of Buddha.
In the same spirit, Newar Buddhists dedicate the month of Gunlā to spiritual growth and good deeds. Every morning, groups of devotees from kids to senior citizens wake up before sunrise to visit Buddhist shrines and stupas. They walk in quiet circumambulation while chanting prayers and playing traditional music known as Gunlā Bājan.
This daily practice helps people to slow down and reflect on their lives. In a fast-paced world, Gunlā gives an opportunity to pause, think about one’s actions, and renew one’s commitment to kindness and mindfulness. Many also take time to study Buddhist scriptures, listen to teachings, and engage in personal meditation.
How People Celebrate Gunlā
Gunlā is not just about individual reflection — it is a vibrant community event filled with rituals, music, and gatherings. Here are some of the main ways people observe this holy month:
Morning Pilgrimages
The most common sight during Gunlā is groups of devotees walking in the early morning to sacred sites like Swayambhunath Stupa, ShreeGhaa, and local chaityas (small stupas). People carry offerings like butter lamps, flowers, and incense. The air is filled with the sound of flutes, drums, and chanting, creating a serene and spiritual atmosphere.
Gunlā Bājan: The Music of Devotion
Gunlā Bājan is a unique form of devotional music played throughout the month. Groups of men, women, and even children play drums, cymbals and long bamboo flutes as they walk or sit near the shrines. This music has a calming and meditative effect and is one of the most cherished traditions of the festival.
Almsgiving and Charity
Charity is another key part of Gunlā. People organize Panjarān, a ritual of giving alms to monks and the needy. Many prepare special meals, distribute food, and donate money to support monasteries and social causes. This act of generosity brings joy and helps strengthen the spirit of community.
Display of Buddha Images
In many neighborhoods, families and communities display statues, paintings, and scrolls depicting the life of Buddha and scenes from Buddhist teachings which have been handed down to them through generations. This is called Bahidyah Bwayegu, and it allows everyone to learn more about the faith and appreciate its art and wisdom.
Why Gunlā Matters to People
Gunlā is not just an old tradition that people follow out of habit. It continues to have a strong impact on those who take part in it, even today.
Strengthening Faith and Mindfulness
In our busy lives, it’s easy to forget the deeper meaning of life. Gunlā helps people reconnect with their spiritual roots. The quiet walks, morning prayers, and meditation help clear the mind and bring inner peace.
Building Community Bonds via Gunla
Gunlā also strengthens the sense of togetherness among Newar Buddhists. Neighbors come together to play music, visit shrines, and organize events. Young and old participate side by side, passing down traditions and stories to the next generation.
Encouraging Generosity
The emphasis on giving and helping others during Gunlā reminds everyone of the importance of compassion. People feel happier and more fulfilled when they give their time, food, or resources to those in need.
Preserving Culture and Identity
For the Newar community, Gunlā is a vital part of their cultural identity. It keeps alive their unique traditions, language, and way of life in a changing world.
A Festival for Everyone
Even though Gunlā is primarily a Newar Buddhist festival, it is open to everyone. Visitors and tourists are welcome to witness and even join in the morning pilgrimages, listen to the music, and enjoy the serene beauty of places like Swayambhu Mahachaitya during this month.
Many people, regardless of religion, find the atmosphere inspiring and peaceful. It’s a wonderful reminder that spiritual reflection, kindness, and community are values shared by all.
Conclusion
The Gunlā festival is a beautiful blend of spirituality, music, generosity, and community spirit. It reminds people to slow down, be mindful, and care for one another. In a world that often feels rushed and divided, Gunlā shows how traditions can bring people closer — to their faith, to their community, and to themselves.
Whether you are a participant or an observer, Gunlā offers an experience of peace and togetherness that stays with you long after the month has passed. It’s more than just a festival — it’s a way of life.
